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Author(s): 

ABDOLI GH.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2006
  • Volume: 

    -
  • Issue: 

    75
  • Pages: 

    21-41
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    6
  • Views: 

    1113
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

One way of solving welfare loss asymmetric information in insurance is to design INFORMATIONALLY CONSISTENT CONTRACTS. When the CONTRACTS are not INFORMATIONALLY CONSISTENT, adverse selection cause the portfolio insurance to be risky, and consequently the probability of accident and loss will be high. In this paper we investigate Iran's insurance companies, based on informaionlly CONSISTENT CONTRACTS and Jonh Raily (2001) paper. We find that there are some signals that show Iran automobile collusion CONTRACTS are not INFORMATIONALLY CONSISTENT.

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Author(s): 

SHARZEHEI GH.A. | MAJED V.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2007
  • Volume: 

    -
  • Issue: 

    80
  • Pages: 

    75-100
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    5
  • Views: 

    1166
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The existence of asymmetric information leads to adverse selection. In the last decade alternative theories had been theories had been developed to prevent it in markets especially insurance markets. According to these theories insurers can categorize their customers using insurance market signaling to avoid adverse selection externalities such as cross-subsidizing among customers with different risk levels.The present study utilizes connected data and testing the signaling and cross subsidizing hypothesis in the IACIM (Iranian Automobile Collision Insurance Market). The results show that the hypothesis of the existence of signaling mechanism in automobile collision insurance market could not be rejected but the hypothesis of the existence of cross-subsidizing customers with different risk levels on the criterion of deductible premium level was rejected.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1980
  • Volume: 

    70
  • Issue: 

    3
  • Pages: 

    393-408
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    503
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2016
  • Volume: 

    23
Measures: 
  • Views: 

    256
  • Downloads: 

    255
Abstract: 

MOST LIFE INSURANCE AND PENSION CONTRACTS ARE VERY LONG- DATED LIABILITIES THAT ARE NOT TRADED IN THE MARKET. THE SUPERVISOR REQUIREMENT FOR A "MARKET- CONSISTENT" VALUATION EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF PRICING AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR SUCH LIABILITIES. TO OBTAIN AMARKET- CONSISTENT PRICE, WE COMBINE HEDGEABLE FINANCIAL RISK WITH AN (PARTIALLY) UNHEDGEABLE ACTUARIAL RISK AND PRICE THE HYBRID PAYOFF USING A "TWO- STEP MARKET EVALUATION." IN A GENERAL SETTING, THE VALUATION PROCESS COMPRISES THE NO-ARBITRAGE PRICE OF PURE FINANCIAL RISK, THE VALUE OF PARTIALLY HEDGED ACTUARIAL RISK ATTRIBUTABLE TO ITS CORRELATION WITH FINANCIAL RISK (IF AVAILABLE), AND FINALLY THE VALUE OF PURE ACTUARIAL RISK THROUGH WELL-KNOWN ACTUARIAL PREMIUM PRINCIPLES. WE IMPLEMENT A TWO-STEP VALUATION USING A BACKWARD ITERATION METHOD AND OBTAIN A TIME CONSISTENT MARKET-CONSISTENT (TCMC) PRICE DURING THE VALUATION PERIOD. WE ALSO PROVIDE A CONTINUOUS-TIME LIMIT OF THE TCMC PRICE FOR THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD-DEVIATION ACTUARIAL PRICES. WE ALSO PROVIDE A MARKET-CONSISTENT VERSION OF ALTERNATIVE PRICING METHODS: THE BEST-ESTIMATE PRICING METHOD TYPICALLY USED FOR PENSION LIABILITIES AND THE EIOPA’S RISK-MARGIN METHOD USED UNDER SOLVENCY II TO VALUE LIFE INSURANCE LIABILITIES. BY COMPARING THESE PRICES WITH THE TCMC PRICE FOR A UNIT-LINKED CONTRACT, WE SHOW THAT THE EIOPA RISK-MARGIN METHOD ACTS IN THE CORRECT DIRECTION TO REFLECT PART OF THE UNCERTAINTY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE FUTURE DYNAMICS OF NON-HEDGEABLE RISKS, WHEREAS BEST-ESTIMATE PRICING COMPLETELY IGNORES THAT UNCERTAINTY. BECAUSE THE RISK-MARGIN METHOD STILL IGNORES CERTAIN UNCERTAINTIES, IT IS NOT FULLY TIME CONSISTENT AND ITS GAP WITH TCMC SHOULD NOT BE IGNORED FOR LONG-DATED CONTRACTS. WE ALSO NUMERICALLY SHOW THAT THE TWO-STEP ACTUARIAL VALUATION CAPTURES PARTIAL (OR PERFECT) HEDGING BECAUSE ALL THREE PRICES CONVERGE TO ONE ADJUSTED BEST-ESTIMATE PRICE WHEN THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FINANCIAL AND ACTUARIAL RISKS INCREASES.

Yearly Impact:   مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

FANE G.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1973
  • Volume: 

    25
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    0-0
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    146
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2020
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    2 (12)
  • Pages: 

    75-104
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    674
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In recent years, stock flow CONSISTENT models (SFC) have been receiving considerable attention from economists, especially Post-Keynesian economists. In recent years SFC models’ capability in prediction of economic crisis in 2008 along with the publication of a book entitled Monetary Economics, by Wynne Godley and Marc Lavoie turned a new light on the importance of these models. These models use accounting approach for economic modeling and provides a framework for treating the financial and the real sides of the economy in an integrated way and predict endogenous shocks. Moreover, to describe the behavior of economic agents, SFC models take the advantage of behavioral equation. The purpose of this study is to explain the fundamentals of SFC models and to employ them for assessment of monetary and fiscal policy. Considering the fact that the SFC models can be developed using distinctive approaches, we structured a SFC model employing Neoclassic and Post-Keynesian and calculating steady state, to analyze the impact of monetary and fiscal policy within the framework of the developed model.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Journal: 

PCI JOURNAL

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1987
  • Volume: 

    -
  • Issue: 

    -
  • Pages: 

    75-146
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    252
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

ANDREWS D.W.K.

Journal: 

ECONOMETRICA

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1991
  • Volume: 

    59
  • Issue: 

    3
  • Pages: 

    817-858
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    443
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

DE ANGELIS F.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2007
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    105-116
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    115
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

WANG S.J. | YEH T.H. | CHANG C.H.

Journal: 

EAR AND HEARING

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    29
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    923-929
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    199
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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